Table 4. Nutrient intake and apparent total trace nutrient digestibility in dogs fed with various carbohydrate sources diets

	Barley	Brown rice	Corn	Mung bean (correction)	Rice	SEM	F value	Pr (> F)
Daily DM intake (g)
DM	204.66¹⁾	200.93	204.21	200.27	204.75	1.44	0.43	0.786
CP	62.66^b	58.44^ac	62.83^b	57.43^c	62.37^ab	0.56	6.81	< 0.001
EE	22.95^a	21.09^b	16.28^c	29.47^d	21.89^ab	0.70	162.00	< 0.001
CA	11.50^a	11.47^ac	9.02^b	14.17^c	11.82^ab	0.27	90.67	< 0.001
NFE	106.46^a	108.69^ac	116.00^b	96.18^c	107.94^ab	1.26	16.36	< 0.001
OM	192.08	188.22	195.10	183.08	192.20	1.48	2.22	0.087
ME (kcal/kg)²⁾	1,044.48^a	1,075.59^ab	1,123.54^b	1,084.09^ab	1,061.55^ab	8.60	2.81	0.040
ATTD (%)
DM	88.81^b	91.61^ab	92.95^a	80.74^c (70.14)	92.45^a	0.79	46.09	< 0.001
CP	91.87^a	91.56^ab	92.07^a	82.65^b (73.79)	92.43^a	0.66	39.49	< 0.001
EE	96.52^a	94.80^ab	93.62^b	94.40^ab (92.91)	96.06^ab	0.31	3.84	0.011
CA	51.61	54.42	63.12	56.80 (60.90)	52.26	1.69	1.62	0.192
NFE	90.10^b	95.56^a	96.14^a	83.38^c (70.99)	97.08^a	0.92	36.47	< 0.001
OM	91.44^b	94.24^a	94.62^a	84.93^c (75.40)	95.45^a	0.67	45.31	< 0.001
ME	90.15^b	93.63^a	94.22^a	83.71^c (73.80)	94.67^a	0.71	53.66	< 0.001

Values are expressed as means.
ME was calculated using the following equation: ME (kcal/kg) = (CP × 3.5) + (EE × 8.5) + (NFE × 3.5).
Different letters above the number indicate significant differences between means. If the same letters, such as a and ab or ab and b, are present, it indicates an insignificant difference. Additionally, if the ANOVA was not statistically significant, no letters were displayed in the table.
DM, dry matter; CP, crude protein; EE, ether extract; CA, crude ash; NFE, nitrogen-free extract; OM, organic matter; ME, metabolizable energy; ATTD, apparent total tract nutrient digestibility.