Table 4. Effect of various lycopene acid level on sperm quality before freezing

Treatment¹⁾	Sperm motility	Sperm viability	Sperm abnormality	PMI
L0 (0%)	65.14 ± 2.91^a2)	71.57 ± 1.99^a	19.43 ± 2.44^ab	64.29 ± 1.49^a
L1 (1%)	66.00 ± 1.63^ab	73.43 ± 2.07^ab	17.43 ± 2.23^a	67.14 ± 1.86^b
L2 (2%)	68.00 ± 3.06^bc	73.71 ± 2.28^ab	18.57 ± 1.81^ab	69.71 ± 1.60^c
L3 (3%)	71.86 ± 4.34^cd	76.00 ± 2.65^cd	18.29 ± 1.79^ab	72.29 ± 1.60^e
L4 (4%)	69.00 ± 2.23^bc	76.00 ± 1.73^cd	19.43 ± 1.62^ab	70.43 ± 1.98^d

L0 without addition of lycopene; L1, with addition of 1 mg lycopene into 100 mL extender; L2, with addition of 2 mg lycopene into 100 mL extender; L3, with addition of 3 mg lycopene into 100 mL extender, L4 with addition of 4 mg lycopene into 100 mL extender.
Data show all mean ± standard error of means (n = 7).
Means in a column with different superscripts differ significantly at p < 0.05.
PMI, plasma membrane integrity.