Table 2. Least square means of physical, physicochemical, and functional characteristics
| Test 1 | Test 2 | Test 3 |
| Normal | Wooden | Normal | Wooden | Normal | Wooden |
| pH | 6.00 ± 0.02a1) (30)2) | 6.12 ± 0.01b (33) | 5.79 ± 0.01a (35) | 5.96 ± 0.01b (34) | 5.76 ± 0.01a (33) | 5.92 ± 0.01b (31) |
| Cooking yield (%) | 73.5 ± 0.46a (31) | 60.2 ± 0.43b (35) | 72.3 ± 0.45a (33) | 66.7 ± 0.44b (34) | 69.9 ± 0.44a (34) | 59.5 ± 0.43b (35) |
| Water loss (%) | 9.22 ± 0.46a (35) | 11.8 ± 0.46b (35) | 9.95 ± 0.46a (35) | 11.7 ± 0.48b (32) | 9.57 ± 0.46a (35) | 11.9 ± 0.47b (33) |
| Raw L* | 63.3 ± 0.38a (35) | 66.2 ± 0.38b (34) | 61.9 ± 0.38a (35) | 65.9 ± 0.38b (34) | 61.4 ± 0.39a (33) | 64.6 ± 0.38b (35) |
| Raw a* | 0.73 ± 0.14a (34) | 1.56 ± 0.14b (33) | 0.89 ± 0.14a (34) | 1.35 ± 0.13b (35) | 0.55 ± 0.14a (31) | 1.67 ± 0.13b (35) |
| Raw b* | 6.96 ± 0.32a (35) | 9.74 ± 0.33b (33) | 8.90 ± 0.32a (35) | 9.65 ± 0.36a (27) | 9.05 ± 0.33a (33) | 10.4 ± 0.32b (34) |
| Cooked L* | 83.1 ± 0.34a (33) | 76.4 ± 0.34b (34) | 83.1 ± 0.34a (33) | 78.4 ± 0.33b (35) | 82.7 ± 0.34a (33) | 75.5 ± 0.34b (34) |
| Cooked a* | 0.75 ± 0.09a (30) | 1.98 ± 0.09b (33) | 0.71 ± 0.09a (34) | 1.93 ± 0.09b (34) | 1.09 ± 0.09a (35) | 1.97 ± 0.09b (34) |
| Cooked b* | 14.9 ± 0.18a (31) | 15.8 ± 0.19b (30) | 15.5 ± 0.18a (33) | 16.2 ± 0.18b (33) | 15.6 ± 0.17a (35) | 16.0 ± 0.18a (32) |
| Firmness (N) | 14.9 ± 1.27a (35) | 33.6 ± 1.29b (34) | 14.3 ± 1.27a (35) | 37.5 ± 1.27b (35) | 14.7 ± 1.27a (35) | 46.2 ± 1.27b (35) |
| Work penetration (N*sec) | 47.0 ± 3.58a (34) | 103 ± 3.69b (32) | 46.5 ± 3.69a (32) | 118 ± 3.69b (32) | 50.0 ± 3.53a (35) | 151 ± 3.53b (35) |
| Shear force (N) | 10.9 ± 0.39a (29) | 12.6 ± 0.37b (33) | 10.8 ± 0.37a (33) | 12.3 ± 0.36b (35) | 10.8 ± 0.37a (33) | 15.8 ± 0.37b (33) |
| Shear energy (N*mm) | 15.1 ± 0.56a (31) | 18.7 ± 0.53b (34) | 14.5 ± 0.53a (35) | 17.1 ± 0.53b (35) | 14.3 ± 0.57a (30) | 23.8 ± 0.54b (33) |
| Muscle tone (Hz) | 25.1 ± 0.21a (33) | 24.9 ± 0.22a (31) | 26.1 ± 0.21a (34) | 25.5 ± 0.21a (34) | 25.8 ± 0.21a (34) | 26.0 ± 0.22a (30) |
| Stiffness (N/m) | 508 ± 7.03a (33) | 575 ± 6.92b (34) | 546 ± 6.92a (34) | 602 ± 6.92b (34) | 546 ± 6.83a (35) | 612 ± 6.92b (34) |
| Elasticity | 1.66 ± 0.02a (35) | 1.45 ± 0.02b (31) | 1.56 ± 0.02a (31) | 1.32 ± 0.02b (35) | 1.52 ± 0.02a (34) | 1.33 ± 0.02b (34) |
| Relaxation (ms) | 9.87 ± 0.12a (32) | 9.13 ± 0.11b (34) | 9.12 ± 0.11a (34) | 8.65 ± 0.11b (33) | 9.26 ± 0.11a (35) | 8.50 ± 0.12b (32) |
| Creep | 0.64 ± 0.01a (33) | 0.60 ± 0.01b (34) | 0.59 ± 0.01a (34) | 0.58 ± 0.01a (35) | 0.60 ± 0.01a (35) | 0.57 ± 0.01b (31) |
Subscripts represent the comparative results of the breast condition within each test. Different letters indicate significant differences (p < 0.05).
The numbers in parentheses represent the sample size.