Table 1. Application of nitrification and urease inhibitors in previous studies

Inhibitor type		Target	Fertilizer form	Reduction effect (%)			Application rate (g/kg N)		Application frequency	References
				NH3	CH4	N2O	Min	Max
Urease inhibitor	NBPT	Land	Urea	50-78	X	X	0.54	3.04	Once	[44], [45], [86], [87], [88]
		Land	Cow urine	48	X	X	1.00	10.00	Once	[47]
Nitrification inhibitor	DCD	Land	Cow urine	X	X	45–80	3.92	85.71	Once	[57], [89], [90]
		Land	Cow slurry	X	X	47–88	21.02	99.55	Once	[55], [91]
		Land	Swine slurry	X	X	70	71.43	76.92	Once	[92]
		Land	Urea	X	12	55.8	-	217.39	Monthly	[93], [94]
		Land	Urea	X	X	35	-	13.95	Monthly	[61]
	DMPP	Land	Urea	X	X	30–49	-	21.74	Once	[62]
		Land	Urea	X	X	38	-	4.65	3 times/year	[61]
		Land	Ammonium sulfate	X	X	48.9–74.9	4.29	17.14	Monthly	[95]

NBPT, N-(n-butyl) thiophosphoric triamide; DCD, dicyandiamide; DMPP, 3-4 dimethylpyrazole phosphate.