Table 6. The effects of using pomegranate peel powder, oxidized oil and alpha-tocopherol in diets on blood enzymes in broiler chickens

Treatment			Traits
Treatment			AST (U/L)	ALT U/L)	TAC (μmol/L)	SOD (U/L)	GPx (U/L)	Cat (IU/mol)	MAD (μmol/L)	ALP (U/L)
Main effect
Pomegranate peel (%)
0			198.0^a	8.03	5.18^b	135.4^b	166.6^b	56.9	5.87^a	381.6
4			191.2^b	7.46	6.17^a	142.2^a	175.4^a	58.4	4.44^b	384.1
8			199.8^a	8.10	5.22^b	137.4^ab	168.5^ab	55.5	5.28^a	392.5
SEM			1.99	0.39	0.26	1.69	2.58	1.25	0.22	4.49
Oxidized oil (%)
0			194.0^b	7.00^b	5.86^a	141.1^a	173.0	59.2^a	4.61^b	384.0
2			194.2^b	7.46^b	5.87^a	139.6^ab	173.1	57.2^ab	4.65^b	382.7
4			201.0^a	9.13^a	4.84^b	134.7^b	164.4	54.4^b	6.33^a	391.7
SEM			1.99	0.39	0.26	1.69	2.58	1.25	0.22	4.49
Alpha-tocopherol (mg/kg)
0			198.0	8.31	5.20^b	136.5^b	169.1	55.4^b	5.52^a	386.7
200			194.7	7.42	5.85^a	140.4^a	171.2	58.4^a	4.87^b	385.5
SEM			1.62	0.32	0.21	1.38	2.11	1.02	0.18	3.67
Interaction effects
Pomegranate peel × oxidized oil × alpha-tocopherol
0	0	0	192.6	7.20	5.69	138.6	169.0	59.0	5.50	378.2
0	0	200	196.6	6.20	5.92	139.4	171.4	59.4	4.62	376.0
0	2	0	196.0	7.80	5.47	133.4	171.0	56.8	5.97	377.8
0	2	200	193.6	7.60	6.21	138.2	167.8	60.4	4.86	367.6
0	4	0	209.0	10.80	3.19	130.2	157.0	52.0	7.37	400.4
0	4	200	200.6	8.60	4.60	132.8	163.4	54.2	6.92	390.0
4	0	0	191.2	7.20	6.14	140.8	176.4	58.0	4.24	382.8
4	0	200	189.8	7.00	6.56	143.8	179.8	60.8	3.29	386.6
4	2	0	190.2	7.20	6.10	142.0	176.0	56.8	4.44	372.0
4	2	200	189.4	6.60	6.61	147.8	182.6	59.8	3.41	391.8
4	4	0	197.6	8.40	5.52	136.8	167.0	56.8	5.60	393.2
4	4	200	189.4	8.40	6.08	142.2	170.6	58.6	5.64	378.6
8	0	0	201.0	7.60	5.10	142.4	170.4	56.2	5.03	394.8
8	0	200	192.8	6.80	5.77	142.0	171.0	62.0	4.98	385.6
8	2	0	198.0	8.00	5.07	133.0	170.4	53.4	5.10	389.6
8	2	200	198.0	7.60	5.76	143.4	170.8	56.4	4.10	397.4
8	4	0	206.6	10.60	4.49	131.8	164.8	50.4	6.46	391.6
8	4	200	202.8	8.00	5.14	134.6	164.0	54.8	6.00	396.4
SEM			4.88	0.97	0.65	4.16	6.34	3.06	0.56	11.02
p -value
Pomegranate peel			0.0077	0.4703	0.0159	0.0200	0.0466	0.2592	0.0001	0.2059
Oxidized oil			0.0222	0.0008	0.0094	0.0239	0.0300	0.0304	0.0001	0.3150
Alpha-tocopherol			0.1619	0.0574	0.0376	0.0494	0.4720	0.0413	0.0154	0.8249
Pomegranate peel × oxidized oil			0.8503	0.7990	0.4421	0.7652	0.9879	0.6588	0.8215	0.6222
Pomegranate peel × alpha-tocopherol			0.9514	0.6307	0.9254	0.9092	0.8278	0.7843	0.8905	0.6739
Oxidized oil × alpha-tocopherol			0.5463	0.5383	0.8499	0.4735	0.9701	0.9936	0.5053	0.6062
Pomegranate peel × oxidized oil × alpha-tocopherol			0.7677	0.8515	0.9730	0.9577	0.9607	0.9716	0.9330	0.6813

Means in columns with same superscript do not differ significantly p < 0.05.
AST, aspartate transaminase; ALT, alanine transaminase; TAC, total antioxidant capacity; SOD, superoxide dismutase; GPx, glutathione peroxidase; Cat, catalase; MDA, malondialdehyde; ALP, alkaline phosphatase.