Table 3. Least squares mean of the in vitro ruminal parameters by the treatment conditions of corn flakes using the pressurized steam chamber

Tteatment¹⁾	PH	Ammonia (mg/dL)	Acetate (mol/dL)	ProPionate (mol/dL)	Butyrate (mol/dL)	Total-VFA (mol/dL)
T1	5.72^h	17.83^f	175.38^f9	103.40^e	72.60^bcd	351.38^de
T2	5.85^b	21.67^ab	203.88^ab	132.78^a	66.83^e	403.48^a
T3	5.91^a	21.17^bc	194.73^d	121.94^c	69.09^de	385.76^b
T4	5.82^bcd	20.15^cd	200.70^abc	111.03^d	71.31^cd	383.04^b
T5	5.77^fg	20.52^c	202.30^ab	121.55^c	66.55^e	390.40^b
T6	5.81^cde	18.65^ef	197.00^cd	109.55^d	76.41^ab	382.96^b
T7	5.83^bc	19.31^de	186.91^e	96.50^f	75.20^abc	358.60^cd
T8	5.84^bc	18.80^ef	179.98^f	95.57^f	71.95^cd	347.51^e
T9	5.78^ef	20.98^bc	200.37^bcd	127.31^b	78.55^a	406.23^a
T10	5.77^fg	22.53^a	206.26^a	125.51^bc	71.33^cd	403.10^a
T11	5.78^ef	18.21^ef	187.35^e	96.78^f	71.03^d	355.16^cde
T12	5.80^de	18.11^f	187.39^e	108.29^d	65.76^e	361.43^c
T13	5.73^9h	18.89^ef	173.04^e	97.67^f	57.85^f	328.56^f

Standard error: pH, 0.01; ammonia, 0.40; acetate, 2.10; propionate, 1.63; butyrate, 1.44; total-VFA, 2.85.
T1 (100°C, 720 s); T2 (105°C, 700 s); T3 (105°C, 850 s); T4 (105°C, 950 s); T5 (110°C, 400 s); T6 (112°C, 700 s); T7 (112°C, 850 s); T8 (112°C, 950 s); T9 (113°C, 600 s); T10 (115°C, 500 s); T11 (116°C, 700 s); T12 (116°C, 850 s); and T13 (116°C, 950 s).
Means without same superscripts within a column are significantly different (p < 0.05).