Table 3
Effects of liposomal-curcumin on opportunistic bacteria (ng/uL) found in equine cecal fluid and on cecal fluid characteristics (9 d)^a

	Treatment¹					P -value
	0	15	25	35	SEM	TRT²	LIN³
Bacterial strains
SBEC	13.00^ab	12.73^a	13.68^bc	14.12^c	0.25	0.02	0.008
E. coli K-12	20.46	19.16	19.73	20.50	1.49	0.20	0.96
E. coli general	32.64	32.77	32.21	33.27	0.37	0.94	0.79
C. difficile	29.61	29.68	30.63	31.15	1.01	0.62	0.25
C. perfringens	49.18	46.36	45.97	43.51	1.36	0.12	0.03
Cecal characteristics
pH	6.71	6.68	6.68	6.67	0.03	0.82	0.38
Ammonia, mg/dL	15.89	15.6	9.94	12.25	2.12	0.21	0.11
Total VFA, mM	51.59	71.15	73.68	65.32	6.14	0.11	0.10
VFA, mol/100 mol
Acetate	35.53	36.64	36.64	40.91	1.98	0.28	0.10
Propionate	49.68	52.75	54.75	50.15	1.96	0.34	0.62
Isobutyrate	3.97	1.67	1.31	0.59	1.90	0.54	0.19
Butyrate	10.63	9.57	8.09	8.46	0.62	0.06	0.01
Isovalerate	0.40	0.13	0.14	0.08	0.09	0.10	0.03
Valerate	0.68^a	0.32^b	0.28^b	0.24^b	0.09	0.02	0.005